BACKGROUND
The circulating blood in the body renders pressure on the walls of blood vessels and these are mainly the pressure in large arteries. These are of two types of blood pressures namely systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
The blood pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg). The measurement of blood pressure (BP) is one among the vital signs recorded along with others namely heart rate, body temperature, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.
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The normal Systolic blood pressure measured in adult is 120 millimeters of mercury and the normal Diastolic blood pressure is 80 millimeters of mercury. The various factors influence BP. The BP is measured by instrument called sphygmomanometer.1
Aim of the experiment is to record BP of the subject.
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REQUIREMENTS
Subjects: Human
Apparatus:
- Sphygmomanometer
- Blood pressure cuffs
- Stethoscope
- Chair
- Alcohol wipe
PROCEDURE
The subject is to be seated on the chair and should relax for a few minutes (3-5 minutes) before measuring the BP. Explain to the patient the procedure of measuring BP along with the tightening sensation felt during measurement.
Loose the tight clothing subject and the long sleeve should removed to access the upper arm. Place the cuff around the upper part of the arm and fasten it securely. The patient’s arm should be resting on the surface in level with their arm.
The stethoscope is to be placed over the brachial artery and the pulse to be listened and recorded. Slowly pump the cuffs and listen carefully to the point the pulse disappears.
Slowly deflate the cuff and watch the drop in mercury level and the pulse disappears. Record both the readings on sphygmomanometer, disappearance and the reappearance of the pulse on the subject’s chart, are systolic and diastolic blood pressures respectively.
Inform the subject on the readings. Clean the stethoscope drum and ear piece with the alcohol wipe.1
CONCLUSION
The blood pressure recording is helpful in diagnosing hypertension, hypotension and various diseases associated with changes in BP. Monitoring of BP provides an important clue on the overall condition of the body.
REFERENCES
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3936692. Accessed on 25 March 2018.
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