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BACKGROUND
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an emergency procedure which combines chest compressions with artificial ventilation manually done to preserve intact brain functions, restore blood circulation and breathing in people with cardiac arrest. The chest compressions for adults are between 5 cm- 6 cm at 100-120 beats per minute. The rescuer provides artificial ventilation by either exhaling air into the subject’s mouth/nose or using a device called ventilator into the subject’s mouth or nose (mechanical ventilation). The chest compressions to breathing ratio are set at 30 to 2 in adults.1
CPR can be performed on any person who has become unconscious and pulseless. The cardiac activity is assessed with rhythm strip, which provides detailed analysis of the cardiac condition of the heart. CPR is contraindicated in the conditions where there are strict orders –DO NOT RESUSCITATE.2
The aim of the experiment is to observe echocardiography and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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REQUIREMENTS
Subjects: Human Adult
Apparatus: AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
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PROCEDURE
The subject is lying down on a firm surface. The rescuer lies down next to the person in kneeling down position next to the neck and shoulders. Place the heel of one hand over the canter of person’s chest between the nipples. Place the other hand on top of the hand. Use the upper body weight to provide compressions of the chest at least 2 inches but not greater than 2.4 inches. Open the airway by head- tilt, chin-lift maneuver and give two rescue breaths and observe the chest rise. Repeat this procedure, the 30 compressions and 2 breaths is considered as one cycle. Resume the chest compressions to restore the blood circulation.
If required use AED (Automated external defibrillator), apply it and follow the prompts. One shock and then resume CPR, starting with chest compressions for 2 minutes before the next shock. Continue CPR till there is sign of movement or the help from emergency has arrived.3
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CONCLUSION
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation helps in saving the life of the patient when the subject is unresponsive and no pulse is present.
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REFERENCES
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Available: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/cardiopulmonary-resuscitation. Accessed on 24 April 2018.
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Available: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1344081-overview. Accessed on 24 April 2018.
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Available: https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid-cpr/basics/art-20056600. Accessed on 24 April 2018.
