BACKGROUND
Catatonia is associated with antipsychotic drugs like phenothiazine and reserpine, is a disorder of movement and speech. These drugs produces extrapyramidal side effects in animals and human, due to deficiency of dopamine by blocking of dopaminergic receptors which inducing Parkinsonism. Commonly catatonic symptoms of this disorder associated with antipsychotics include akinesis, mutism, stupor, catalepsy and flexibility.1
Phenothiazine is used to induce catatonia and Parkinsonism where anti-Parkinsonism drugs include levodopa, scopolamine and atropine, etc. The aim of this experiment is to assess the activity of anti-Parkinsonian activity of drugs by drug induced catatonia.
REQUIREMENTS
Animal: Rats (150-200 gms), Wooden blocks of 3 and 9 cm height.
Drugs: Haloperidol (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal route), Perphenazine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), Levodopa (6 mg/kg, p.o.), Scopolamin (1 mg/kg, p.o.)
PROCEDURE
Weigh the animals and mark them serially. Divide the animals in into two different groups (control and treatment group) equally. Control group will receive only Haloperidol (or Perphenazine) and the other group will receive Levodopa (or Scopolamin) and Haloperidol both. Levodopa will be administered 30 mins prior to Haloperidol. Observe and score the different stages of catatonia.2
- Score 0 – When the animal will be kept on the table it moves normally
- Score 1 – Animal moves when it will be pushed or touched
- Score 2 – Animal fails to correct its posture when front paws will be set on 3 cm wooden block
- Score 3 – Animal fails to remove its front paws when placed on 9 cm wooden block.
Observe and score the activity of the animals of both groups after 10, 30 and 60 mins after administration of drug.
| Sl. No. | Treatment | Body wt. | Total scores at time (mins) | ||
| 10 | 30 | 60 | |||
| 1 | Control | ||||
| 2 | |||||
| 3 | |||||
| 4 | |||||
| 1 | Levodopa | ||||
| 2 | |||||
| 3 | |||||
| 4 | |||||
CONCLUSION
Correlating the symptoms with Parkinsonism, this can be concluded that the tested drug showed anti Parkinsonism in animals.
REFERENCES
- Caroff SN, Hurford I, Lybrand J, Campbell EC. Movement Disorders Induced by Antipsychotic Drugs: Implications of the CATIE Schizophrenia Trial. Neurol Clin. 2011;29(1):127-viii.
- Kulkarni SK, Arzi A, Kaul PN. Modification of drug-induced catatonia and tremors by Quipazine in rats and mice. Japan J Pharmacol. 1980;30:129-35.
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