Estimation of Calcium in Urine

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BACKGROUND

A calcium test will help in determination of how much urine is passed out with urine from body.¹ This test helps in knowing about calcium deficiency in body and the required treatment. So, the basic objective of this test is to determine the amount of calcium in urine.

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REQUIREMENTS

Reagents:   Dil. H₂SO₄

Conc. H₂SO₄

Ammonium persulfate

2.5% oxalic acid

Potassium permanganate

Apparatus:  Erlenmeyer flask

Burette

Pipette Whatman filter paper no.50

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PROCEDURE

Calcium estimation

In a 250 cc Erlenmeyer flask, add 100 cc of unfiltered urine and about 5 cc of H₂SO₄ and about 3-4 gm of ammonium persulfate. Boil the mixture till frothing occurs which proves reduction of ammonium persulfate.¹ Then to this mix add about 10 cc of 2.5% oxalic acid. Allow it to cool down to room temperature. Then leave it for overnight. Then the flask and precipitate are washed three times with distilled water and filter it through filter Whatman No.50 paper.² Then to the filtrate add dilute sulfuric acid to make up the volume to 100 cc.Then to this add about 10cc of conc. Sulfuric acid and heat it. Then perform titration with 0.05 N potassium permanganate.

Calculation=1 cc of 0.05N KMnO₄=0.001 gm or 1 mg of calcium.

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CONCLUSION

This method helps in yielding the accurate results for determining amount of calcium in urine.

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REFERENCES

1. Kee JL. (2010) Laboratory and diagnostic tests with nursing implications (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
   
2. Martini F, Nath JL, Bartholomew EF. (2012). Fundamentals of anatomy & physiology (9th ed.). San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings.